And william s



(No Model.)

G. G. FIELDS & W. S. DUVALL.

WRENCH.

No. 484,307. Patented Oct. 11, 1892.

Zea r amw r w/ ai mm my Tm m UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

CHARLES C. FIELDS, OFBRISTOL, TENNESSEE, AND l/VILLIAM S. DUVALL, OF XVASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA; SAID FIELDS ASSIGNOR OF TI-IREEEIGHTHS TO ABRAH D. REYNOLDS AND JOHN -B. OHILDERS, OF BRISTOL TENNESSEE.

WRENCH.

SJPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 484,307, dated October 11, 1892.

Application filed July 13, 1892. Serial No. 439,893. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern: or application of the locking-block, to be here- 50 Be it known that we, CHARLES C. FIELDS, of inafter described. To the opposite sides or Bristol,in the county of Sullivan and State of faces of the foot or jaw 3 are applied or formed Tennessee, and WILLIAM S.DUvALL,of XVashintegral a pair of rearwardly-disposed bear- 5 ington, District of Columbia, citizens of the ing-ears 5, whose rear edges are inclined, or,

United States, have invented a new and usein other words, the jaws are widened toward 5 ful Wrench, of which the followingis a specitheir bases to lend strength and withstand fication. the lateral or torsional strain to which they Our invention relates to improvements in are subjected when the wrench is inserted in wrenches, the objects in view being to prosockets for operating upon nuts. These ears vide a wrench of cheap and simple construcare connected by a transverse bearing-pin 6, tion that will be strong and durable, is adaptwhich is located some distance from the rear ed to efficiently operate upon pipes, rods, side of the stock. and nuts, is capable of being readily and 7 designates the lever for carrying the'mov 15 quickly adjusted and locked in such adjusted able jaw. Thislever is provided intermediate positions as will adapt it to the various sizes its ends with a longitudinal slot 8, the inner thereof, and may be readily disengaged when edge of which has a series of transverse seminecessary. circular grooves 9, arranged at intervals.

Vith these and other objects in view the Through the slot 8 and designed to rest in 20 invention consists in certain features of conany one of the grooves 9 is passed the pin 6 struction hereinafter specified, and particubefore mentioned. The rear extremity of the larly pointed out in the claims. lever 7 is reduced to form a handle 10, while Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a perbeyond the slot the lever is given an L shape spective View of a wrench embodying our inor is provided with a right-angularl -disposed 25 vention. Fig. 2 isalongitudinalsection therehead or jaw 11, adapted to overlap the jaw 3 of. Fig. 3 is a detail in perspective of the and coact therewith, for which purpose the 7 locking-block and spring carried thereby. face of the jaw 11 is provided with an in- Fig. 4 is a modification of the wrench. wardly-disposed series of inclined teeth.

Like numerals of reference indicate like 12 designates a locking-block, whose inner 0 parts in all the figures of the drawings. face is provided with a T-shaped groove or 1 designates the wrench-stock, one end of rabbet 13, designed to engage the ways or which is reduced and otherwise shaped to beads a of the stock. The front face or end form a convenient handle 2 and the opposite ofthe block has set therein a slightly-curved end of which is enlarged to form atriangular fiat spring 15, whose free end in advance of 3 5 fixed jaw or foot 3, whose outer face is prothe block rests against the under side of the vided with a series of inclined teeth, whose lever 7 and normally holds said lever away disposition is toward the toe or outer end of from the stock and one of its grooves 9 in enthe jaw. The rear face of the stock from a gagement with the pin 6. It will be seen that point above the handle to the foot is made the block is capable of sliding upon the ways 40 flat or plain, and the opposite edges thereof 4 and may be pushed forward readily by the are provided with a pair of parallel beads or hand, so as to wedge or jam between the le- 0 ways at. These beads or ways maybe formed ver and stock, and thus lock said lever to such upon the stock in various ways, but in the an extent as will prevent its disengagement present instance are produced by means of with the pin 6 and yet permitof a very slight 5 cavities with which the opposite faces of the movement pivotally of the lever. m...

stock are provided in order to reduce metal, The description of the construction having Q and consequently the weight of the wrench. been completed, we will now proceed to de-' By continuing the beads or ways at their inscribe the operation, first, however, mentionner ends we permit of the ready introduction ing that after the block is in position upon the ways or beads the ends of said beads are slightly mashed, so as to prevent a Withdrawal of the block. In order to adjust the wrench to any-sized rod, pipe, or n ut, the block is drawn inward to its fullest extent or as far as is necessary and the lever pressed inward against the tension of the spring, whereby that groove 9 engaging the pin becomes disengaged. The leveris now pushed forward or drawn inward, the pin 6 passing through the slot 8 thereof, and when said lever has been adjusted to a proper point, so as to adapt the jaws for the size of pipe, rod, or nut to be operated upon, it is released, and the spring, acting upon the same, throws the lever outward, so that its groove that may be adjacent to the pin is engaged thereby. The block is now pushed forward under the lever to a point nearly but preferably not under the pin 6 and will permit of a limited movement upon the part of the lever, whereby it may be readiiy applied or removed from a pipe, rod, or nut. When once applied, the wrench is operated in the same manner as any ordinary rigid-jaw or spring-jaw wrench, Whose operation is so well known as to require no specific description. It will be observed that the spring not only acts to maintain the lever in engagement with the pin 6, but also exerts an inward pressure and frictionally locks the block at a proper point upon the stock and prevents its slipping.

As shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, we may omit the locking-block and depend upon the spring alone for locking the lever in engagement with the pin 6, but prefer to employ the block, as it renders the wrench much more efiicient. In this figure the same numerals apply to the stock, lever, and their adjuncts, and 16 designates the fiat spring, which in this instance is secured to the stock direct by a screw 17 and at its free end, which is located under the pin, bears against the inner side of the lever. By such an arrangement of the spring and locating of the notches at the inner edge of the slot the wrench may be operated or swung in either direction without danger of accidentally disengaging the notches and pin. Such, however, would not be the case if the spring were located at the outside of the lever and forced the same inward, as in such construction the wrench would only be efiectual when operated in one direction.

Having described our invention, what we claim is 1. In a wrench, the combination, with a stock having its outer end shaped to form a jaw and its inner end shaped to form a handle and provided at opposite sides of its jaw with rearwardly-extending lugs, of a lever of L shape, the outer end of which constitutes a jaw overlapping that of the stock and the inner end of which is shaped to form a handle, said lever being provided between its ends wit-h a longitudinal slot whose inner edge is provided with a series of transverse grooves, a pin passed through the ears and slot and adapted to engage the grooves, and a locking device mounted on the stock and adapted to be wedged between the lever and stock, substantially as specified.

2. In a wrench, the combination, with a stock terminating at one end in a jaw, provided at opposite sides of the same with rearwardly-disposed ears connected by a trans verse pin, and in rear of the ears, at opposite edges, provided with beads or ways, of a lever of L shape, the outer end of which forms a jaw overlapping that of the stock, said lever being provided with a longitudinal slot whose inner edge is provided with a series of transverse grooves for engaging the pin, a lockingblock whose under side is provided with a T- shaped recess for engaging the ways, upon which it is adapted to slide, anda spring having its inner end secured to the block and projecting forward and at its free end bearing against the under side of the lever, substantially as specified.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we have hereto affixed our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES C. FIELDS. WILLIAM S. DUVALL.

Witnesses:

JOHN H. SIGGERs, HORACE G. PIERSON.

Corrections in Letters Patent No. 484,307.

It is hereby certified that Letters Patent No. 484,307, granted October 11, 1892, upon the application of Charles 0. Fields, of Bristol, Tennessee, and William S. Duvall, of

Washington, District of Columbia, for an improvement in Wrenches, was erroneously issued to Charles 0. Fields, William S. Duvall, Abram D. Reynolds, and John B. Ohilders, as joint owners of said invention; whereas the patent should have been granted to said Charles 0. Fields, Abram D. Reynolds, and John B. Qhilders, they being sole owners of the entire interest as shown by the assignments of record in the Patent Office; also that the words three-eighths in line seven of the grant should read three-fourths,- and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 25th day of October, A. D. 1892.

[SEAL] CYRUS BUSSEY,

Assistant Secretary of the Interior. I

Oountersigned:

N. L. FROTHINGHAM,

Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

